Compressors bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ nrụpụta ọ bụla. A na-akpọkarị obi nke ikuku ma ọ bụ gas ọ bụla, akụ ndị a chọrọ nlebara anya pụrụ iche, karịsịa mmanu mmanu ha. Iji ghọta ọrụ dị mkpa lubrication na-arụ na compressors, ị ga-ebu ụzọ ghọta ọrụ ha yana mmetụta nke sistemu na mmanu mmanu, nke lubricant ịhọrọ na ihe nyocha nyocha mmanụ kwesịrị ịme.
● Ụdị Compressor na Ọrụ
Ọtụtụ ụdị compressor dị iche iche dị, mana ọrụ ha bụ isi na-abụkarị otu. Emebere kọmpụta iji mee ka nrụgide nke gas sikwuo ike site n'ibelata ụda ya n'ozuzu ya. N'okwu dị mfe, mmadụ nwere ike iche maka compressor dị ka mgbapụta gas. Ọrụ ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ, yana isi ihe dị iche bụ na compressor na-ebelata olu ma na-ebugharị gas site na sistemụ, ebe mgbapụta na-agbanye ma na-ebufe mmiri mmiri site na sistemụ.
Enwere ike kewaa compressors ụzọ abụọ izugbe: nchụpụ dị mma na ike. Rotary, diaphragm na compressors na-emeghachi omume dabara n'okpuru nhazi ọkwa dị mma. Rotary compressors na-arụ ọrụ site na ịmanye gas n'ime obere oghere site na skru, lobes ma ọ bụ vanes, ebe compressors diaphragm na-arụ ọrụ site na ịpịkọta gas site na mmegharị nke akpụkpọ ahụ. Ndị compressors na-emegharịghachi na-agbakọ gas site na piston ma ọ bụ usoro piston nke crankshaft na-anya.
Centrifugal, ngwakọta-flow na axial compressors nọ na ngalaba ike. Ihe nrụkọba ihe nke centrifugal na-arụ ọrụ site na ịpịkọta gas na-eji diski na-atụgharị n'ime ụlọ a kpụrụ akpụ. Kọmputa na-asọ asọ agwakọta na-arụ ọrụ yiri nke centrifugal compressor mana ọ na-ebugharị axially kama radially. Axial compressors na-emepụta mkpakọ site na usoro ikuku.
● Mmetụta na mmanu mmanu
Tupu ahọpụtara mmanu compressor, otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi ị ga-atụle bụ ụdị nsogbu mmanụ nwere ike ịdaba mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ. Na-emekarị, nrụgide mmanu na compressors gụnyere mmiri mmiri, oke okpomọkụ, gas na ikuku abịakọrọ, irighiri ígwè, solubility gas, na ebe a na-ekpochapụ ọkụ.
Buru n'uche na mgbe a na-ejikọta gas, ọ nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị njọ na mmanu na-eme ka ọ dị njọ na viscosity tinyere evaporation, oxidation, carbon depositing na condensation site na nchịkọta mmiri.
Ozugbo ị matara ihe ndị bụ isi nchegbu nwere ike ewebata na mmanu mmanu, ị nwere ike iji ozi a mechie nhọrọ gị maka ezigbo mmanu compressor. Njirimara nke mmanye mmanye siri ike ga-agụnye ezigbo nkwụsi ike oxidation, mgbochi iyi na ihe mgbakwunye corrosion inhibitor, yana ihe ndị na-emebi emebi. Ọka ntọala sịntetịt nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na oke okpomọkụ.
● Nhọrọ mmanu mmanu
Ịhụ na ị nwere mmanu mmanu kwesịrị ekwesị ga-adị mkpa na ahụike nke compressor. Nzọụkwụ mbụ bụ ịtụ aka na ndụmọdụ sitere n'aka ndị nrụpụta akụrụngwa mbụ (OEM). Viscosities mmanu Compressor na ihe dị n'ime a na-ete mmanụ nwere ike ịdịgasị iche dabere n'ụdị kọmpat. Atụmatụ ndị nrụpụta nwere ike inye mmalite mmalite dị mma.
Na-esote, tụlee gas na-agbanye, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike imetụta mmanu mmanu. Mkpakọ ikuku nwere ike bute nsogbu na okpomoku mmanu dị elu. Gasị ikuku nke hydrocarbon na-agbaze mmanụ mmanụ, n'aka nke ya, na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ belata viscosity.
Gasị ikuku na-adịghị agwụ agwụ dị ka carbon dioxide na amonia nwere ike meghachi omume na mmanu ma belata viscosity yana mepụta ncha n'ime sistemu. Igwe ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị ka oxygen, chlorine, sulfur dioxide na hydrogen sulfide nwere ike ịmalite itinye ego na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ bụrụ nke na-emebi emebi mgbe oke mmiri dị na mmanu.
I kwesịkwara iburu n'uche gburugburu ebe a na-edobe mmanụ compressor. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, ihe ndị na-efe efe ikuku gbara ya gburugburu, ma compressor ọ dị n'ime ma kpuchie ma ọ bụ n'èzí ma kpughee ihu igwe ọjọọ, yana ụlọ ọrụ a na-arụ ọrụ.
Compressors na-ejikarị mmanu sịntetik dabere na nkwado OEM. Ndị na-emepụta akụrụngwa na-achọkarị ka e jiri mmanụ mmanu akara ha dị ka ọnọdụ nke akwụkwọ ikike. N'okwu ndị a, ị nwere ike ichere ruo mgbe oge akwụkwọ ikike gwụchara iji mee mgbanwe mmanụ mmanu.
Ọ bụrụ na ngwa gị na-eji mmanu nke sitere na ịnweta ugbu a, ịgbanye na sịntetik ga-abụrịrị ihe ziri ezi, n'ihi na nke a na-adịkarị ọnụ karịa. N'ezie, ọ bụrụ na akụkọ nyocha mmanụ gị na-egosi nchegbu ụfọdụ, mmanụ mmanu sịntetik nwere ike ịbụ ezigbo nhọrọ. Otú ọ dị, jide n'aka na ọ bụghị naanị na ị na-edozi ihe mgbaàmà nke nsogbu kama na-edozi ihe ndị na-akpata na usoro ahụ.
Kedu mmanụ sịntetik na-eme ka uche dị na ngwa compressor? A na-eji polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), polyalphaolefins (POAs), ụfọdụ diesters na polyolesters. Kedu n'ime synthetics ndị a ịhọrọ ga-adabere na mmanu ị na-agbanwe yana ngwa ahụ.
N'igosi nguzogide oxidation na ogologo ndụ, polyalphaolefins n'ozuzu bụ onye nnọchi kwesịrị ekwesị maka mmanụ ịnweta mmanụ. Polyalkylene glycols na-abụghị mmiri soluble na-enye ezigbo solubility iji nyere aka mee ka compressors dị ọcha. Ụfọdụ esters nwere ọbụna mma solubility karịa PAG mana ha nwere ike na-alụso oke mmiri mmiri na sistemụ ọgụ.
| Nọmba | Oke | Usoro ule ọkọlọtọ | Nkeji | Aha aha | Ịkpachara anya | Dị oke egwu |
| Nyocha Njirimara Mmanu | ||||||
| 1 | Viscosity & @ 40 ℃ | ASTM 0445 | cSt | Mmanụ ọhụrụ | Ọnụ +5%/-5% | Ọnụ +10%/-10% |
| 2 | Nọmba acid | ASTM D664 ma ọ bụ ASTM D974 | mgKOH/g | Mmanụ ọhụrụ | Ebe ntụgharị +0.2 | Ebe ntụgharị +1.0 |
| 3 | Ihe mgbakwunye: Ba, B, Ca, mg, Mo, P, Zn | ASTM D518S | ppm | Mmanụ ọhụrụ | Aha aha +/- 10% | Ọnụ +/-25% |
| 4 | Oxidation | ASTM E2412 FTIR | Mwepu / 0.1 mm | Mmanụ ọhụrụ | Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ ma jiri ya dị ka ngwaọrụ nyocha | |
| 5 | Nitration | ASTM E2412 FTIR | Mwepu / 0.1 mm | Mmanụ ọhụrụ | Ọnụ ọgụgụ ba$ed na u$ed a$ ngwa ọrụ scceenintf | |
| 6 | Antioxidant RUL | ASTMD6810 | Pasent | Mmanụ ọhụrụ | Ọnụ -50% | Ọnụ -80% |
| Agba nke Membrane Patch Colorimetry nwere ike ịdị iche | ASTM D7843 | Ọnụ ọgụgụ 1-100 (1 kacha mma) | <20 | 35 | 50 | |
| Nyocha mmetọ mmanụ mmanu | ||||||
| 7 | Ọdịdị | ASTM D4176 | Nleba anya nke isiokwu maka mmiri efu na paniculate | |||
| 8 | Ọkwa mmiri | ASTM E2412 FTIR | Pasent | Ebumnuche | 0.03 | 0.2 |
| mgbawa | Enwere mmetụta ruo 0.05% ma jiri ya dị ka ngwaọrụ nyocha | |||||
| Ewezuga | Ọkwa mmiri | ASTM 06304 Karl Fischer | ppm | Ebumnuche | 300 | 2.000 |
| 9 | Ọnụọgụ urughuru | ISO 4406:99 | Koodu ISO | Ebumnuche | Ebumnuche +1 nọmba nso | Ebumnuche +3 ọnụọgụ ọnụọgụ |
| Ewezuga | Nnwale patch | Ụzọ nwe | Ejiri ya maka nyocha nke irighiri ihe site na nyocha anya | |||
| 10 | Ihe na-emerụ emerụ: Si, Ca, Me, AJ, wdg. | ASTM DS 185 | ppm | <5* | 6-20* | >20* |
| * Dabere na mmetọ, ngwa na gburugburu ebe obibi | ||||||
| Analysis nke irighiri ihe na-eyi mmanu mmanu (Rịba ama: agụghị akwụkwọ kwesịrị ịdị na-eso ya na nyocha nyocha) | ||||||
| 11 | Yiri ihe irighiri ihe: Fe, Cu, Cr, Ai, Pb. Nne, Sn | ASTM D518S | ppm | Nkezi akụkọ ihe mere eme | Nọmba aha + SD | Nọmba +2 SD |
| Ewezuga | Njupụta Ferrous | Ụzọ nwe | Ụzọ nwe | Nkezi Hirtoric | Nọmba aha + S0 | Nọmba +2 SD |
| Ewezuga | Ndekọ PQ | PQ90 | Index | Nkezi akụkọ ihe mere eme | Nọmba aha + SD | Nọmba +2 SD |
Ihe atụ nke ule nyocha mmanụ na oke mkpu maka compressors centrifugal.
● Nlele nyocha mmanụ
Enwere ike ime ọtụtụ ule n'ụdị mmanụ, yabụ ọ dị mkpa ka ị dị oke mkpa mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ule ndị a na ugboro ole ị ga-elele. Nnwale kwesịrị ikpuchi ụdị nyocha atọ bụ isi nke mmanụ: Njirimara mmiri nke mmanu mmanu, ọnụnọ nke mmetọ na sistemu mmanu na ihe ọ bụla na-eyi n'igwe.
Dabere n'ụdị compressor, enwere ike inwe ntakịrị mgbanwe na slate ule, mana n'ozuzu ọ na-ahụkarị ịhụ viscosity, nyocha elemental, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nọmba acid, ike varnish, ntụgharị nrụgide ụgbọ mmiri oxidation (RPVOT) ) na ule demulsibility akwadoro maka nyocha njirimara mmiri mmanu mmanu.
Nnwale mmetọ mmiri mmiri maka compressors nwere ike ịgụnye ọdịdị, FTIR na nyocha elemental, ebe naanị ule a na-eme kwa oge site na nlele irighiri ihe ga-abụ nyocha nke mbụ. E gosipụtara ihe atụ nke slate ule nyocha mmanụ na oke mkpu maka compressors centrifugal n'elu.
N'ihi na ụfọdụ ule nwere ike nyochaa otutu nchegbu, ụfọdụ ga-apụta na dị iche iche edemede. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nyocha nke elementrị nwere ike ijide ọnụ ọgụgụ mbelata ihe mgbakwunye site n'echiche ihe onwunwe mmiri, ebe iberibe ihe ndị sitere na nyocha irighiri ihe ma ọ bụ FTIR nwere ike ịchọpụta oxidation ma ọ bụ mmiri dị ka ihe na-emetọ mmiri.
Ụlọ nyocha na-edobe oke oti mkpu ka ọ bụrụ ihe ndabara, na ọtụtụ osisi anaghị ajụ uru ha bara. Ị ga-enyocha ma chọpụta na akọwapụtara oke ndị a ka ọ dabara na ebumnobi ntụkwasị obi gị. Ka ị na-etolite mmemme gị, ị nwere ike ịchọrọ ịgbanwe oke. Ugboro ugboro, oke mkpu na-amalite ntakịrị ma na-agbanwe ka oge na-aga n'ihi ebumnuche ịdị ọcha karịa, nzacha na njikwa mmetọ.
● Ịghọta mmanu mmanu Compressor
N'ihe banyere mmanu mmanu ha, compressors nwere ike iyi ihe siri ike. Ka gị na ndị otu gị na-aghọta ọrụ nke compressor, mmetụta nke usoro ahụ na mmanu mmanu, nke a ga-ahọrọ mmanụ mmanu na ihe nyocha nke mmanụ kwesịrị ime, ọ ga-aka mma ka ị nwee ohere ịnọgide na-enwe ma kwalite ahụike nke akụrụngwa gị.
Oge nzipu: Nov-16-2021